Q U I Z NO. 4

Q U I Z    NO.  4

101.     Certain substances are classified as water pollutants, others as air pollutants and still others as land pollutants. Which of the following pollutes all three parts of our environment?

w) fluorocarbons

x) smog

y) acid rain

z) ozone

ANSWER: Y -- ACID RAIN

102. Which is true for Low-Latitude Climates?

w) have a winter season

x) lack a winter season

y) are wet throughout the year

z) are dry throughout the year

ANSWER: X -- LACK A WINTER SEASON

103. The Greenhouse Effect is caused primarily by which of the following processes?

w) blocking incoming short wave solar energy

x) absorbing incoming short wave solar energy

y) heating of the Earth's stratosphere

z) absorbing outgoing long wave radiation from the Earth

ANSWER: Z -- ABSORBING OUTGOING LONG WAVE RADIATION FROM THE

EARTH

104. Fluorite is what number on Moh's hardness scale?

w) 1

x) 2

y) 3

z) 4

ANSWER: Z – 4

105. Apatite is what number on Moh's (pron: moes: rhyme with toes) hardness scale?

w) 1

x) 3

y) 5

z) 7

ANSWER: Y – 5

106. Hematite is a primary ore of which of the followin metals?

w) zinc

x) tungsten

y) iron

z) none of the above

ANSWER: Y – IRON

107. Galena is a primary ore of which of the following metals?

w) zinc

x) tungsten

y) lead

z) silver

ANSWER: Y – LEAD

108. Sphalerite is a primary ore of which of the following metals?

w) zinc

x) tin

y) copper

z) iron

ANSWER: W – ZINC

109. Which of the following minerals is a source of copper?

w) Bauxite (pron: box-ite)

x) Hematite

y) Malachite

z) Galena

ANSWER: Y – MALACHITE

110. Which physical phenomenon or principle is most often applied in the search for petroleum reservoirs?

w) gravitational attraction

x) magnetic field distortions

y) natural radioactive decay of minerals

z) acoustic wave transmission and reflection

ANSWER: Z -- ACOUSTIC WAVE TRANSMISSION AND REFLECTION

111. Which of the following time periods describes the age of the coal deposits of the Eastern United States?

w) Jurassic and Cambrian

x) Mississippian and Pennsylvanian

y) Pliocene and Miocene

z) none of these

ANSWER: X -- MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN

112. Of the following four geologic periods, which is the oldest?

w) Devonian

x) Silurian

y) Permian

z) Jurassic

ANSWER: X – SILURIAN

113. Of the following four geologic periods, which is the most recent?

w) Devonian

x) Silurian

y) Permian

z) Jurassic

ANSWER: Z – JURASSIC

114.  On the Phanerozoic (pron: fan-eh-reh-zO-ik) Time Scale, which of the following geologic periods occurred approximately 225 to 280 million years ago? Is it:

w) Jurassic

x) Permian

y) Carboniferous

z) Silurian

ANSWER: X – PERMIAN

115. On the Phanerozoic (pron: fan-eh-row-zo-ick) Time Scale, which of the following geologic periods occurred approximately 395 to 430 million years ago? Is it:

w) Jurassic (pron: ju-ras-ick)

x) Permian

y) Carboniferous

z) Silurian

ANSWER: Z – SILURIAN

116. On the Phanerozoic (pron: fan-eh-reh-zO-ik) time scale, which of the following geologic periods occurred approximately 500 to 570 million years ago? Is it:

w) Cambrian

x) Ordovician (pron: ord-eh-vish-en)

y) Carboniferous

z) Silurian

ANSWER: W – CAMBRIAN

117. The Miocene, Eocene and Paleocene epoches belong t what geologic period on the Phanerozoic Time Scale? Is it the:

w) Devonian

x) Permian

y) Triassic (pron: try-as-ick)

z) Tertiary

ANSWER: Z – TERTIARY

118. During which period, in the earth's history, did MOST dinosaurs become extinct?

w) Carboniferous

x) Cretaceous

y) Quaternary

z) Triassic

ANSWER: X – CRETACEOUS

119. The disappearance of the dinosaurs also marks the end of which geological era?

w) Precambrian

x) Cambrian

y) Mesozoic (pron: mez-ah-zo-ik)

z) Cenozoic (pron: see-nah-zo-ik)

ANSWER: Y – MESOZOIC

120. On a topographic map, lines that indicate water depth are termed:

w) isogonic lines (pron: eye-seh-gone-ik)

x) bathymetric lines (pron: bath-i-meh-trik)

y) isopachs

z) none of these

ANSWER: X -- BATHYMETRIC LINES

121. In geological studies, a fault in the earth's surface in which the hanging wall has moved UP relative to the footwall is termed:

w) overthrust fault

x) reverse fault

y) tear fault

z) none of these

ANSWER: X -- REVERSE FAULT

122. In geological studies, a fault in the earth's surface along which primarily horizontal movement has taken place is termed:

w) overthrust fault

x) strike-slip fault

y) reverse fault

z) none of the above

ANSWER: X -- STRIKE-SLIP FAULT

123. In studies of the surface of the earth, a reverse fault having a dip between 10 and 45 degrees is known as a:

w) thrust fault

x) normal fault

y) strike-slip fault

z) neither of these

ANSWER: W -- THRUST FAULT

124. Multiple Choice: You are adrift off the coast of Miami, Florida in the Gulf Stream. Where would you most likely land?

w) Argentina

x) Louisiana

y) New York

z) The British Isles

ANSWER: Z -- THE BRITISH ISLES

125. Multiple Choice: The horse latitude which occurs at approximately 30o - 35o north is also known as the:

w) doldrums

x) calms of Cancer

y) calms of Capricorn

z) trough of the Pacific

ANSWER: X -- CALMS OF CANCER

126. A circular cavity ground out of bedrock by running water is called a:

w) cave

x) pothole

y) sinkhole

z) kettle hole

ANSWER: X – POTHOLE

127. A yazoo stream flows through which of the following?

w) gorge

x) divide

y) backswamp

z) water gap

ANSWER: Y – BACKSWAMP

128. Which of the following is a famous hanging trough waterfall?

w) Yellowstone Falls

x) Yosemite Falls

y) Niagara Falls

z) Victoria Falls

ANSWER: X -- YOSEMITE FALLS

129. A wave with a wavelength of 40 meters and a height of 2 meters will NOT be refracted in water with a depth of more than:

w) 1 meter

x) 2 meters

y) 10 meters

z) 20 meters

ANSWER: Z -- 20 METERS

130. The lag time between precipitation period and peak discharge period of a river:

w) is increased by urbanization

x) is decreased by urbanization

y) is shorter for a large drainage basin than for a small one

z) depends upon the hydraulic heads

ANSWER: X -- IS DECREASED BY URBANIZATION

131. What percentage of the earth's water is fresh water?

w) 50%

x) 22%

y) 7%

z) 3%

ANSWER: Z -- 3%

132. The deep, least productive part of a lake is calle the:

w) littoral zone

x) profundal zone

y) photic zone

z) limnetic zone

ANSWER: X -- PROFUNDAL ZONE

133. Which of the following does NOT affect sea level change?

w) Antarctic ice sheet

x) small glaciers and ice caps

y) Arctic sea ice

z) Greenland ice sheet

ANSWER: Y -- ARCTIC SEA ICE

134. If all the Earth's ice melted, the increase in sea level would be approximately:

w) 100 meters

x) 2 meters

y) 70 meters

z) 20 meters

ANSWER: Y -- 70 METERS

135. The curved body of water formed when a meandering river reshapes and cuts off one of its bends is called:

w) an Essing pond

x) an Oxbow lake

y) a Swensen pool

z) a Groovy pool

ANSWER: X -- AN OXBOW LAKE

136. The chemical union of iron, oxygen and water forms

w) magnetite

x) hematite

y) limonite

z) pyrite

ANSWER: Y – LIMONITE

137. Give the term that describes different crystalline modifications of the same chemical substance. Is it:

w) polymorphism

x) isomorphism

y) tetrahedral

z) perovskite

ANSWER: W – POLYMORPHISM

138. Of the energy used in the United States, about what percent is provided by hydroelectric power?

w) 4%

x) 20%

y) 50%

z) 75%

ANSWER: W -- 4%

139. The B-horizon of a pedalfer soil is noted for its accumulation of:

w) carbonate

x) nitrogen

y) humus

z) oxides

ANSWER: Z – OXIDES

140. Pedocal (pron: ped-eh-kal) soils are usually found to have developed in:

w) forests

x) swamps

y) grasslands

z) jungles

ANSWER: Y – GRASSLANDS

141. High quality crop soil requires humus as a major component. Which of the following best describes the composition of humus

w) fine sand particles

x) decaying organic matter

y) mineral like clay matter

z) chemical fertilizers

ANSWER: X -- DECAYING ORGANIC MATTER

142. The aquifer of a famous artesian formation in the Great Plains is a layer of rock called the:

w) Clinton limestone

x) Dakota sandstone

y) Pierre shale

z) Vermont marble

ANSWER: X -- DAKOTA SANDSTONE

143. The principal aquifer of the artesian wells of Florida is a:

w) porous sandstone

x) fissured limestone

y) series of clay beds

z) mass of pumice

ANSWER: X -- FISSURED LIMESTONE

144. The saltation of sand grains refers to the sand grains:

w) being coated with salt

x) moving in jumps and bounces

y) moving in a steady stream

z) being cemented together

ANSWER: X -- MOVING IN JUMPS AND BOUNCES

145.  The surface of a "desert pavement" is composed mainly of which of the following?

w) loose sand

x) sand and clay

y) pebbles and boulders

z) concrete and cement

ANSWER: Y -- PEBBLES AND BOULDERS

146. Which of the following are barchans?

w) deflation basins

x) oases

y) crescent-shaped dunes

z) sand storms

ANSWER: Y -- CRESCENT-SHAPED DUNES

147. Which of the following does NOT form as a result o a low level temperature inversion?

w) smog

x) sleet

y) tornado

z) fog

ANSWER: Y – TORNADO

148. A type of lava characterized by a blocky appearanc is termed:

w) Pillow Lava

x) Aa

y) Vessicular

z) none of these

ANSWER: X – Aa

149. A type of volcano composed of mainly pyroclastics is termed:

w) cinder cone

x) shield cone

y) composite cone

z) none of these

ANSWER: W -- CINDER CONE

150. An example of a typical shield volcano is:

w) Washington's Mount Rainier

x) Hawaii's Mauna Loa

y) Ecuador's Mount Cotopaxi

z) Japan's Mount Fuji

ANSWER: X -- HAWAII'S MAUNA LOA