Tuesday, 12 November 2013

556. PREPOSTIONS -- USAGE


PREPOSTIONS  --  USAGE              

IN
1.      Lo, lopala                    The pen is in the pocket.
2.      Times of a day                        In the morning, / in the evening
3.      Before weeks              In the first week. /  In the last week
4.      Before months                        In June /  He was born in Oct
5.      Before years                Baber defeated Lodi in 1526 AD.
6.      Before large area         He resided in Bombay.
7.      To form a phrase         Come in. /  get in
8.      State or  manner          He is in a bad temper.
9.      Point of reference       We found a true friend in him.
10.  Time                            Expect me in a few days.

INTO
1.      In motion                    Water is changed into steam.  /  Flow into gutter

ON
1.      Point of space             I place my hand on the table
2.      Point of time               I came here on Sunday last. /   On 1st Mar.
3.      Dependence                He lives on his father.
4.      Condition or basis       He was appointed on these terms.
5.      Direction                     They made an attack on my house.

ONTO
1.      When in motion          The cat jumped onto the table.

BY
1.      Nearness in place        Come and sit by me.
2.      Nearness in time          Always get up by sunrise.
3.      Agency                        He was fairly treated by me.
4.      Manner                        Seize him by the neck.
5.      Adjuration                   He swore by heaven.

AT
1.      Proximity in place                   He is not at home.
2.      Proximity in time                    He was thee at 4 O’clock.
3.      Proximity in state                    He is now quite at ease.
4.      Proximity in effect                  Stand up at the word of command.
5.      Proximity in value                   It is sold at Rs. 5/-per kg.
6.      Proximity in occupation          He was busy at his work all day.
7.      Proximity in aim/phrases         He laughed at her.

FOR
1.      Period of time     I have lived here for two years. / For ten days.  /  For two hours.
2.      Direction in time         He was imprisoned for life.
3.      Cause or reason           For what offence was he imprisoned.
4.      In spite of                    For all his learning, he has no sense.
5.      Exchange                    He sold his horse for a small sum.
6.      On behalf of                He fought hard for his friends.
7.      Purpose                       This stuff is not fit for food.

WITH
1.      Union in place             He arrived with all his luggage.
2.      Union in time              Frogs begin to croak with the rainfall.
3.      Apposition                  One king fought with another.
4.      Agreement                  His views donot comply with mine.
5.      Separation                   I parted with my friend yesterday.
6.      Point of reference       He is not popular with his pupils.
7.      In spite of                    With all his wealth, he is in debt.
8.      Instrument                   He killed the kite with a stone.
9.      Manner                        He looked upon them with anger.
10.  Cause                          He has long been sick with fever.

OF
1.      Cause                          What did he die of?
2.      Source                         Of what family he sprung.
3.      Separation                   He was deprived of his appointment.
4.      Quality                                    He is a man of strong will.
5.      Contents                      He sent me a box of books.
6.      Material                       This box is made of leather.
7.      Possession                   He lived in the house of his father.

TO
1.      Place                            He has returned to his father’s house.
2.      Time                            You must go back tonight.
3.      Proportion                   The chances are three to one.
4.      Limit                           They fought to the last man.
5.      Purpose                       He came to see us.

UNDER
1.      It is the most common word when one thing is dir3ectly under another thing or covered by it.
Eg., under the bed, / under the blanket

2.      It is used when there is movement from one side to another.
Eg., the boy crawled under the fence.

UNDERNEATH
1.      To give more force to he idea of covering.
Eg., the letter has been pushed  underneath the carpet.

2.      At the end of a sentence
Eg., she wore a red coat with a blue dress underneath.
BENEATH
1.      Suggests that the two objects are not closed to each other.
Eg., The submarine waited far beneath the ship.



DOWN
1.      To or in lower place/descent
Eg.,      he ran down the hill.
            The bath room is down the stairs.

FROM
1.      Space :- He had gone from home.
2.      Time:- You must begin from day break.
3.      Source:- He is sprung from noble ancestors.
4.      Influence:- From all we hear, he is mad.
5.      Discrimination:- a fool may easily be known from a wise man.

BEHIND
1.      At the back of :- the dog ran behind its master.
2.      Concealment:- there is a smile behind his frown.







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