ANALOGIES -- 2

ANALOGIES  --  2

1. MASON :: STONE

A. soldier : weapon                 B. lawyer : law            C. blacksmith : forge

D. teacher : pupil                     E. carpenter : wood     Correct Answer: E

Explanation: A mason makes things out of stone; a carpenter makes things out of wood.

2. ARTICULATE :: SPEECH

A. predictable : event              B. coordinated : movement    C. dangerous : disease

D. active : thought                  E. erratic : path                        Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Articulate speech flows well (is well-expressed); coordinated movement flows well.

3. INCEPTION :: CONCLUSION

A. departure : arrival               B. culmination : upshot           C. refutation : approval

D. approach : return                E. escapade : punishment        Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Inception means 'beginning'. Therefore, inception is the beginning of a process and conclusion is the end; departure is the beginning of a journey and arrival is the end. (culmination = end; upshot = outcome; escapade = adventure)

4. SCINTILLATING :: DULLNESS

A. erudite : wisdom                B. desultory : error                  C. boisterous : calm

D. cautious : restraint              E. exalted : elevation              Correct Answer: C

Explanation: Scintillating means 'sparkling'. Therefore we can say, someone scintillating is not noted for dullness; someone boisterous is not noted for calm. (boisterous = noisy, lively; erudite = scholarly; desultory = unenthusiastic; exalted = elevated)

5. ELUCIDATE :: CLARITY

A. envision : memory              B. aggravate : problem            C. conceal : oblivion

D. illuminate : light                 E. mystify enlightenment        Correct Answer: D

Explanation: Elucidate means 'make clear'. Therefore, to elucidate increases clarity; to illuminate increases light. (envision = imagine; mystify = confuse)

6. SHARD :: POTTERY

A. seed : flower                      B. smoke : fire                         C. dish : menu

D. chair : furniture                  E. splinter : wood                    Correct Answer: E

Explanation: A shard is a fragment of pottery; a splinter is a fragment of wood.

7. REPEL :: LURE

A. dismount : devolve                        B. abrogate : deny                   C. abridge : shorten

D. enervate : weaken              E. miscarry : succeed              Correct Answer: E

Explanation: To repel means to 'force away'; whereas to lure is 'to attract'. To miscarry means 'to fail'. Therefore, to repel is not to lure; to miscarry is not to succeed.

8. PENURY :: MONEY

A. starvation : sustenance       B. independence : freedom     C. infirmity : illness

D. reality : foresight                E. spontaneity : care                Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Penury is a result of having no money; starvation is a result of having no sustenance. (Penury = poverty; sustenance = food, support; infirmity = weakness, illness; spontaneity = lack of planning)

9. ARABLE :: LAND

A. impenetrable : jungle          B. navigable : waterway         C. fertile : fertilizer

D. shallow : pond                    E. flat : field                            Correct Answer: B

Explanation:Arable land is land suitable for cultivation; a navigable waterway is suitable for sailing.

10. ATTENUATE :: SIGNAL

A. exacerbate : problem          B. modify : accent                  C. dampen : enthusiasm

D. elongate : line                     E. dramatize : play                  Correct Answer: C

Explanation: To attenuate a signal is to make the signal grow weaker; to dampen enthusiasm is to make the enthusiasm weaker (less). (exacerbate = make worse)

11. FURNACE :: SLAG

A. vegetable : garbage                        B. factory : goods                   C. fire : ashes

D. automobile : gasoline         E. silo : grain                           Correct Answer: C

Explanation: Slag is the waste produced in a furnace; ashes are the waste produced by a fire. (Silo = large structure to store grain)

12. PROSAIC :: MUNDANE

A. obdurate : foolish               B. ascetic : austere                  C. clamorous : captive

D. loquacious : taciturn           E. peremptory : spontaneous   Correct Answer: B

Explanation:Prosaic and mundane both mean dull and unoriginal; ascetic and austere both mean severe and without luxuries.

13. SALACIOUS :: WHOLESOME

A. religious : private                B. expensive : profligate         C. conservative : stoic

D. mendacious : truthful         E. fulsome : generous              Correct Answer: D

Explanation: Something salacious is not wholesome; something mendacious is not truthful. (Salacious = unwholesome; profligate = wasteful; stoic = able to tolerate; mendacious = lying, untruthful; fulsome = glowing, excessive)

14. PONDER :: PROBLEM

A. remove : doubt                   B. capture : runaway               C. seize : time

D. ruminate : idea                   E. curl : hair                             Correct Answer: D

Explanation: To ponder over a problem is to think over it deeply; to ruminate over an idea is to think over it deeply. (ponder and ruminate both mean think deeply)

15. HACKNEYED :: FRESHNESS

A. stale : porosity                    B. facile : delicacy                  C. ponderous : lightness

D. central : vitality                  E. relevant : pertinence           Correct Answer: C

Explanation:Something hackneyed is not noted for freshness; something ponderous is not noted for lightness. (hackneyed = unoriginal; facile = oversimplified; ponderous = slow, heavy; vitality = energy, liveliness; pertinence = relevance)