348. Muon neutrino

Muon neutrino

Muon neutrino
Composition	Elementary particle
Statistics	Fermionic
Generation	Second
Interactions	Weak, Gravity
Symbol	ν μ
Antiparticle	Muon antineutrino (ν   μ)
Theorized	(1940s)
Discovered	Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger (1962)
Mass	Small but non-zero. See neutrino mass.
Electric charge	0 e
Color charge	No
Spin	1⁄2
Weak isospin	LH: ?, RH: ?
Weak hypercharge	LH: ?, RH: ?

The muon neutrino is a subatomic lepton elementary particle which has the symbol ν
μ and no net electric charge. Together with the muon it forms the second generation of leptons, hence its name muon neutrino.
 It was first hypothesized in the early 1940s by several people, and was discovered in 1962 by Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger. The discovery was rewarded with the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Discovery

In 1962 Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger showed that more than one type of neutrino exists by first detecting interactions of the muon neutrino (already hypothesised with the name neutretto), which earned them the 1988 Nobel Prize.

Speed

Faster-than-light neutrino anomaly

In September 2011, OPERA researchers reported that muon neutrinos were apparently traveling apparently at faster than light speed.
This result was confirmed again in a second experiment in November 2011. These results have been viewed skeptically by the scientific community at large, and more experiments have/are investigating the phenomenon.
In March 2012, the ICARUS team published results directly contradicting the results of OPERA.
Later in July 2012 the apparent anomalous super-luminous propagation of neutrinos was traced to a faulty element of the fibre optic timing system in Gran-Sasso. After it was corrected the neutrinos appeared to travel with the speed of light within the errors of the experiment.