55 Information Transfer Cycle
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Information Transfer Cycle: Cycle
means a series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order.
Transfer of information from its generation to its end user becomes possible
through many processes. These processes are also regularly repeated in the
same order. These processes complete a cycle, which is called Information
Transfer Cycle (ITC). The ITC comprises generation, collection, storage,
communication and retrieval.
a) Information Creation / Generation: Information is created with the
happening of incidents and activities of humans. If an activity or an
incident does not happen, no information is created. Information is mostly
created by research and development programmes, government activities, survey
and census of population, business and industrial organizations etc. and
presented in format by author, scientist, researcher, editor, writer, poets,
novelists, dramatists, etc. Over the web, information is produced by the
general people irrespective of their background and is not restricted only to
academics such as scholars, scientists, etc.
b) Information Production and
Dissemination: It is
the mass production of knowledge through publishing companies or others that
will help the mass distribution of knowledge in some physical or electronic
form. Previously the information had been disseminated in the form of book.
Many conventional and non conventional, printed and non printed sources of
information are nowadays available which are different in shape, size, type
and format. Over the web, the production is accelerated by posting the
information electronically over some kind of websites. It speeds up the
transfer of information globally at a rapid rate instead of taking months or
years to get published on paper.
c) Information Storage, Organization,
Retrieval and Communication:
The storage is the process by which the information described and presented
in the documents are stored. Information is collected and stored by
libraries, documentation centers, information analysis centers, data banks,
data centres, etc. Computer has been accepted as a boon for storing of
information. It can store a huge amount of information in the form of database.
Besides, the computer, disks and CDROMs are the newly developed and very
significant tools of storing information.
i) Organization is how that representation of
knowledge is found among others of its kind. In the library environment, the
classification and catalogue, shelf list, various kinds of guides, etc
facilitate the retrieval function. All these tools are equipped with
controlled vocabularly. In the computer environment, organization is
facilitated by databases, search engines, etc. Knowledge is individual
and the users determine its usefulness; so keyword and natural language
searching in computer environment is more attractive.
ii) Retrieval is a process of getting information
from the collection of a library, for providing answer to the queries of the
users, etc.
iii) Communication is the process of transmission of
information from one place to another, from the creator of information to its
users. It is necessary for the best use of the same. It is the process of
social exchange. In the library environment, communication of information can
be made through telephone, CAS services, SDI services, teleconferencing,
e-mail, etc. Sometimes the publisher also brings different kinds of
information sources to the notice of the user community.
d) Information Diffusion and Utilization: Diffusion
is viewed as a more targeted flow of information to a particular segment of
society. The diffusion of information should find its way to people who
actually need it instead of targeting the people who will use it for their
own benefit.
Utilization is the adoption and
implementation of the knowledge by the user. Information is needed by each
and every person of modern society for some purpose or the other. When
information is consumed by one person it gives new dimension to his
knowledge. This knowledge when he applied to some other purposes it gives
birth to new information. Thus the information cycle is continuum in nature.
e) Information Preservation and
Destruction: The
different kinds of libraries, archives are trying to preserve information in
different format. Over web, the Internet archive and the cached page of
search engines are serving some purpose in this regard.
The information that is less frequently
accessed or has met its assigned retention periods may be considered for
relocation to an archive. Then from the archive, it needs to be weeded at
some time or other by means of appropriate procedure for the content.
The meaning of information cycle
relates to that unit of knowledge from where the information is generated and
then transmitted to the users with the state of various processes. The whole
process of information from its creation to its use is called the information
cycle.
55 – 2 Information Transfer
Information transfer or presenting
verbal accounts of facts and processes in pictorial form and conversely
changing graphic representations to writing, involves learning how to0 restate
a given body of material in different ways.
Information transfer is used
specifically in the contexts of narration, physical description, listing and
classifying, comparison and contrast, showing cause and effect relationship
and generalizing from numerical data.
Pictorial representation gives quick
viewing of a large amount of data, easily un derstood than in written form
and comparison becomes convenient.
Information can be transferred in many
ways.
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1] Verbal :- 1] acts 2] ballads 3] seminars 4] conferences
2] Non-Verbal :- 5] signalling 6]
semaphore 7] flags 8] lights 9] sound
3] Print Media :- 10] newspapers 11]
magazines 12]
journals 13] pamphlets 14] wall posters 15] plux boards 16]
books 17] booklets
4] e- Media :- 18] TV b]
FAX 19] radop 20] PTI 21]
AP 22] RATT 23]
morse 24] cell 25] Net
5] Visual Aids :- 26] graphs 27]
pie-diagrams 28] bar graphs 29] histograms 30]
tree maps 31] circuits 32] block diagrams 33] writing diagrams 34] pictorial form 35] flow charts
6] Written Items :- 36] circulars 37]
memos 38] reports 39] complaints 40] letters
7] Conventional Methods :- 41] postal 42]
courier 43] messenger 44] dove
8] Video :- 45] movie 46]
documentaries 47] VCDs 48] DVDs
9] Official :- 49] GO 50]
Ordinance 51] Act
10] Science :- 52] satellites 53]
internet 54] gadgets 55] pendrive 56]
hard drive
The selection of medium depends on the information to be
transferred and the range or people to
be informed.
A picture is a thousand words. So sometimes more information
in an effective way can be transferred in a picture form than in words.
Actually each medium has its own advantage.
Another is that written form to be transferred into
pictorial form or vice versa.
55 – 3 Information transfer
In telecommunications, information transfer is the process of moving messages containing user information from a source to a sink via a Communication channel. In this sense, information transfer is equivalent to data transmission which highlights more practical, technical aspects.The information transfer rate may or may not be equal to the transmission modulation rate.
Bidirectional information transfer is called information exchange.
Non-technical meaning
In a non-technical context, information transfer is sometimes used to signify knowledge transfer or teaching.
1. Information
Transfer
2.
What is Information Transfer? Information Facts or Details They tell you more
about a thing, a person, an event, etc. Transfer Ideas that can be used in new
situation.
3. New
Situations 5wolves 1Horse Who, What, When, Where, Why, How They are used on
your Questions! Using the information you have read , you are supposed to
transfer them into answering the questions correctly .
4.
5.
What is important? Numbers - Telephone numbers Date - Holidays Number of Days -
Three Days to Phuket, Four days to Bangkok Places - London, Phuket, Bankok
Price - Cost to travel Company - San-Geep Travel, Happy Holidays and Max Tours
6.
Questions The name of the company to call if you want to book a tour to London
is _____________. You will need to pay $ __________ to go to Phuket for 3 days.
The telephone numbers to call if you go to Bangkok are ____________. The $ 1399
package to go to London will include _______, ________ and ________. There are
_________ travel agencies in this advertisement.
7. Answers
San-Geep Travel $ 359 8457777 and 5882268 Airfare, Hotel and Breakfast three
8.
9.
What is important? Number of people Anne and her mother Author and reader
Anne’s Mother and Anne respectively Places Home, Supermarket Time Afternoon Activity
Mum is buying groceries and Anne is about to have her lunch Details Her lunch
is in the oven. Mum will see Anne at 2pm.
10.
Questions The memo is written by ___________. The memo is for __________. Mum
will be at the supermarket to _____________. Anne’s lunch is _____________. Mum
will be back by ____________.
11.
Answers Anne’s Mum Anne buy some groceries in the oven 2pm
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