ARTICLES --
RULES
A, An, The
These three are called articles.
I.
Articles are used before only countable nouns. For uncountable nouns we
should not use aticles.
Nouns are of five types.
1.
Proper
noun [ uncountable ]
2.
Common
noun [ countable
]
3.
Collective
noun [countable ]
4.
Material
noun [ uncountable ]
5.
Abstract
noun [ uncountable ]
II.
Use of
“A”
1.
“A”
is used before singular nouns having consonant sounds.
Eg. a ball, a cat, a rat, a cycle, …
2.
“A”
is used before words starting with a vowel but having consonant sound.
Eg., a University, a one eyed man, a European,
III. Uses of “An”
1. “An” is used before words having
vowel sound.
Eg., an Indian,
an eagle, an ink pot,
an old man,
2. “An” is also used before words
starting with a consonant but having a vowel sound.
Eg., an MLA,
an MP, an MA student, an young man, an honest man
IV. Use of “The”
1.
To
specify something. Eg., I want the red shirt.
2.
Before
superlatives Eg., Einstein is the greatest
scientist.
3.
Before
names of rivers Eg. The Ganges is the longest river
in India.
4.
Before
mountain ranges Eg., The Himalayas lie on the north
of India.
5.
Before
deserts Eg., the Sahara is the largest
desert.
6.
Before
group of islands Eg., the A&N islands are in the
Bay of Bengal.
7.
Before
holy books Eg.,
the Gita, the Qoran,
8.
Before
common names of god Eg., the
Almighty, the Omnipotenet
9.
Before
only one Eg., he is the tailor in this
village.
10. To represent whole class Eg.,
the poor, the rich, the haves,…
11. Before lakes Eg.,
the Kolleru
12. Before straits Eg.,
the Pak strait
13. Before gulfs Eg.,
the gulf of Cambay, the gulf of Kutch
14. Before organisations Eg.,
the NGOs
15. Before govt.s Eg.,
the Russian govt.
16. Before famous monuments Eg.,
the Taj,
17. Before ships Eg.,
the Enterprise
18. Before aircrafts Eg., the stealth
19. Before abbreviations Eg.,
the AP, the USSR
20. Before comparative degree Eg.,
the more you have, the more you want.
21. Before news paper, magazines Eg., the mirror, the Times of India
22. Before emphasising Eg., I verb is the
word
23. Before natural satellites Eg., The moon
24. Before proper noun Eg.,
the great Tagore, the immortal Kalidasa
25. Before general effect Eg., the lunatic, the
lover,
The
child is the father of the man.
26. Repetition. To indicate Different
characters of the same person.
Eg.,
Nepolean was at once a general, a statesman, an orator..
Eg.,
the learned, the eloquent, and the patriotic Tilak….
V. Where
articles are omitted.
1. Before common nouns used in the wider sense
Eg.,
man is mortal. What kind of a fruit is
that.
2.
Before
proper nouns.
3.
Before
material nouns. Eg., Iron is a
useful metal. Gold is costly
4.
Abstract
nouns Eg., Bravery
is a virtue./honesty is the best policy
5.
Before
relations Eg.,
father went to office.
6.
Names
of seasons Eg., summer
is hot. Winter is pleasant
7.
Names
of diseases Eg., He died
of cholera./ She is suffering from
malaria.
8.
Names
of subjects of study Eg., English is an
international language.
9.
Before
days of a week Eg.,
Monday/Tuesday
10. Before artificial satellites Eg., Bhaskara
11. Before single mountain Eg., Everest, Abu,
12. Before single island Eg., portblair, Kakanna
13. Before normal books Eg., Nana, Dram Shop
14. Before canals Eg., Sagar left canal
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